Osteoarthritis
Description
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that occurs when the cartilage cushioning the joints breaks down, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It is the most common form of arthritis, especially among older adults. Causes and Risk Factors: Aging – Cartilage naturally wears down over time, Joint injury or overuse – Sports injuries or repetitive motions increase risk, Obesity – Extra weight puts stress on joints, especially knees and hips, and Genetics – Family history increases susceptibility. Symptoms: Joint pain and stiffness, especially after inactivity or overuse, Swelling and tenderness in affected joints, Bone spurs (hard lumps around joints), Cracking or grinding sensations when moving. Doctors diagnose OA through X-rays, MRI scans, and joint fluid analysis. While there is no cure, treatments include pain relievers (NSAIDs), physical therapy, weight management, joint injections (steroids or hyaluronic acid), and in severe cases, joint replacement surgery.